NOTES: He was exiled in France. Buried: Church of the English
Benedictines, Paris; later transferred to St. Germain-en-Laye. Left the
country 11 Dec. 1688 and was declared by Parliament (28 Jan 1689) to have
abdicated on that day. However, he remained de facto King of Ireland until his
defeat at the Battle of the Boyne 1 July 1690.
NOTES: Proclaimed: 13 Feb 1689 (Joint sovereign with her husband) Crowned:
Westminster Abbey 11 Apr 1689. Mary died of small pox on 28 December 1694 at
the age of thirty-two. Her funeral at Westminster Abbey was attended by both
Houses of Parliament, a unique occurrence, as up till then the Parliament had
always been dissolved on the death of a sovereign.
NOTES: Mary of Modena; First married by proxy in Modena 30 Sep 1673.
Married in person Dover 21 Nov 1673. Only daughter of Alfonso IV (d'Este), Duke
of Modena, and Laura Mortinozzi.
NOTES: Later the Jacobite James III, known to posterity as "The Old
Pretender". His first marriage (by proxy) was in Bologna on 19 May 1719. Later
(in person) on 3 Sep. 1719.
NOTES: Charles Edward Louis John Casimir Silvester Maria, later the
Jacobite Charles III, known to posterity as "The Young Pretender" and "Bonnie
Prince Charlie".
NOTES: Henry Benedict Thomas Edward Maria Clement Francis Xavier, styled
Duke of York, later a Cardinal and the Jacobite Henry IX; last of the Royal
House of Stuart
NOTES: Dau. of Gustavus Adolphus, Prince of Stolberg-Gedern; no legitimate
issue. Full name: Louise Maximilienne Caroline Emanuele; a.k.a.: Louise of
Stolberg Gedern and Louisa Maximiliana.
NOTES: Acceded in Scotland: 24 July 1567; Crowned in Scotland: Stirling 29
July 1567. Acceded: 24 March 1603. Crowned: Westminster Abbey 25 July 1603.
Married: (proxy) Kronborg 20 Aug 1589, (in person) Oslo 23 November 1589 and
again Kronborg 21 Jan 1590. James convoked the Hampton Court Conference (1604) at
which he authorized a new translation of the Bible, generally called the King
James Version. a.k.a.: James VI of Scotland.
NOTES: Anne, 2nd dau. of Frederick II, King of Denmark and Norway and
Sophia of Mecklenburg-Gustrow. Married: (proxy) Kronborg 20 Aug. 1589; (in
person) Oslo 23 Nov 1589 and again Kronborg 21 Jan 1590. Crowned in Scotland:
Holyrood 17 May 1590. Crowned in England: Westminster Abbey 25 July 1603.
NOTES: Charles I, Acceded 27 March 1625. Crowned in England: Westminster
Abbey 2 Feb 1626. Crowned in Scotland: Edinburgh, 18 June 1633. Married:
(proxy) Paris 1 May 1625; (in person) Canterbury, 13 June 1625. King of England,
Scotland and Ireland (1625-49), who was deposed and executed during the English
Revolution. Charles believed in the divine right of kings and in the authority of
the Church of England. These beliefs soon brought him into conflict with
Parliament and ultimately led to civil war. He dismissed Parliament and governed
without it for 11 years. During this time forced loans, poundage, tonnage, ship
money and other extraordinary financial measures were sanctioned to meet governmental
expenses. Parliament appointed a court to try the king, but Charles refused to
recognize the authority of the court. On January 27, 1649, he was sentenced to death as
a tyrant, murderer and enemy of the nation. Scotland protested, the royal family
entreated and France and the Netherlands interceded, in vain. He was beheaded outside
Whithall Palace in London. Subsequently Oliver Cromwell became chairman of the council of
state, a parliamentary agency that governed England as a republic.
NOTES: Frederick V, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, King of Bohemia 1619-20
(the Winter King) had issue, of whom the youngest daughter, Sophia, became the
mother of King George I. Of the Luxemburg Dynasty.
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